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SubjectsComputerComputer FundamentalsChapter 1 — Basics of Computers1.3 Software — System & Application

Topic 1.3 · Computer · Basics of Computers

Software — System & Application

Software — System & Application is studied as part of "Basics of Computers" (Computer Fundamentals) in Computer. The computer's definition, generations, hardware and software classification, and number systems form the foundation.

In the examination context, software — system & application carries conceptual questions that test both factual recall and analytical understanding. Revise this topic in sequence with the rest of the chapter so that chronological and thematic links are clear.

Important Facts

Software
Programs — system and application
Binary system
Base-2 used by computers
Generations
Vacuum tubes → transistors → ICs → microprocessors
Hardware
Physical parts — CPU, memory, I/O

Key Points

  • Generations — Vacuum tubes → transistors → ICs → microprocessors
  • Hardware — Physical parts — CPU, memory, I/O
  • Software — Programs — system and application
  • Binary system — Base-2 used by computers

Important Names

John von NeumannCharles BabbageAlan Turing

Important Dates

1837Babbage's Analytical Engine concept
1946ENIAC — first electronic general-purpose computer
Exam-Oriented Notes
  • »Babbage is the 'father of the computer'. Binary digits (0 and 1) are the machine language of computers.

Related topics

1.1 Computer & Its Generations1.2 Hardware Components1.4 Number Systems & Conversions
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