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SubjectsComputerComputer FundamentalsChapter 1 — Basics of Computers1.2 Hardware Components

Topic 1.2 · Computer · Basics of Computers

Hardware Components

Hardware Components is studied as part of "Basics of Computers" (Computer Fundamentals) in Computer. The computer's definition, generations, hardware and software classification, and number systems form the foundation.

In the examination context, hardware components carries conceptual questions that test both factual recall and analytical understanding. Revise this topic in sequence with the rest of the chapter so that chronological and thematic links are clear.

Important Facts

Hardware
Physical parts — CPU, memory, I/O
Software
Programs — system and application
Binary system
Base-2 used by computers
Generations
Vacuum tubes → transistors → ICs → microprocessors

Key Points

  • Generations — Vacuum tubes → transistors → ICs → microprocessors
  • Hardware — Physical parts — CPU, memory, I/O
  • Software — Programs — system and application
  • Binary system — Base-2 used by computers

Important Names

Alan TuringJohn von NeumannCharles Babbage

Important Dates

1946ENIAC — first electronic general-purpose computer
1837Babbage's Analytical Engine concept
Exam-Oriented Notes
  • »Babbage is the 'father of the computer'. Binary digits (0 and 1) are the machine language of computers.

Related topics

1.1 Computer & Its Generations1.3 Software — System & Application1.4 Number Systems & Conversions
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