Topic 3.2 · Geography · Oceanography

Temperature, Salinity & Density

Temperature, Salinity & Density is studied as part of "Oceanography" (Physical Geography) in Geography. Oceanography covers the relief of the ocean floor, salinity, temperature, currents, tides and the rich living and mineral resources of the seas.

In the examination context, temperature, salinity & density carries conceptual questions that test both factual recall and analytical understanding. Revise this topic in sequence with the rest of the chapter so that chronological and thematic links are clear.

Important Facts

Gulf Stream: Warm current of the North Atlantic
Spring tide: Occurs at new and full moon
Coral reefs: Limited to warm, shallow tropical waters
Oceanic ridges: Mid-ocean ridges are sites of sea-floor spreading

Key Points

Oceanic ridges — Mid-ocean ridges are sites of sea-floor spreading
Gulf Stream — Warm current of the North Atlantic
Spring tide — Occurs at new and full moon
Coral reefs — Limited to warm, shallow tropical waters

Important Names

James CookMatthew MauryAlexander von Humboldt

Important Dates

1872	Challenger expedition began ocean research

Exam-Oriented Notes

»Warm currents raise coastal temperatures; cold currents lower them. Great Barrier Reef and the coral triangle are recurring points.