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SubjectsEnvironment & EcologyEcology BasicsChapter 1 — Ecology Fundamentals1.1 Ecosystem Structure & Functions

Topic 1.1 · Environment & Ecology · Ecology Fundamentals

Ecosystem Structure & Functions

Ecosystem Structure & Functions is studied as part of "Ecology Fundamentals" (Ecology Basics) in Environment & Ecology. Ecology is the study of organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment — from ecosystems and food chains to biogeochemical cycles.

In the examination context, ecosystem structure & functions carries conceptual questions that test both factual recall and analytical understanding. Revise this topic in sequence with the rest of the chapter so that chronological and thematic links are clear.

Important Facts

Ecosystem
Community of organisms + their environment
Producers
Green plants — base of the food chain
Trophic level
Each step in a food chain
Biomagnification
Increase in pollutant concentration along the food chain

Key Points

  • Ecosystem — Community of organisms + their environment
  • Producers — Green plants — base of the food chain
  • Trophic level — Each step in a food chain
  • Biomagnification — Increase in pollutant concentration along the food chain

Important Names

Ernst HaeckelEugene OdumArthur Tansley

Important Dates

1866Haeckel coined the term 'ecology'
1935Tansley coined the term 'ecosystem'
Exam-Oriented Notes
  • »Only 10% of energy passes from one trophic level to the next (10% law). DDT biomagnifies in food chains.

Related topics

1.2 Energy Flow & Food Chains1.3 Biogeochemical Cycles1.4 Population & Community Ecology
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